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Ethernet bonding refers to aggregating multiple ethernet channels together to form a single channel. This is primarily used for redundancy in ethernet paths or for load balancing.

To use Bonding Ethernet for High-Availability (fail-over) on Debian you need to:

install package ifenslave-2.6.To install this package follow this command
#apt-get install ifenslave-2.6

edit /etc/network/interfaces to look like this:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto bond0
iface bond0 inet static
address 192.168.1.14
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-search MyDomain.net
dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1
up ifenslave bond0 eth0 eth1
down ifenslave -d bond0 eth0 eth1

comment or borrow the lines referring to your real NICs in the same file
add the following lines to your /etc/modprobe.d/bonding:

alias bond0 bonding
alias eth0 e1000
alias eth1 e1000
options bonding mode=0 miimon=100